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exercise protects the heart and builds muscle
Kinesiology researchers show resistance and endurance training can slow the effects of aging Resistance training and exercise can reverse the adverse effects of hormone loss, endurance training helps the heart withstand a heart attack and weight training stops the decrease of blood flow to the legs as a person grows older, research by 3 University of Texas at Austin kinesiology professors has shown.
The findings were announced at the American Physiological Society’s 2004 Intersociety Meeting, titled “The Integrative Biology of Exercise” held in Austin Texas. Dr. Roger Farrar, a faculty member in the Department of Kinesiology and Health Education and a presenter at the conference, has done research on how a person can continue to build muscle mass even as they age and sees a decrease in particular hormones. We know that certain hormones are necessary to build and maintain muscle bulk, Farrar wanted to see what would happen if a subject underwent resistance training and experienced a decrease in the desired hormones. “This meeting represented the cutting edge of science and researchers’ attempts to understand how exercise helps molecules, cells, organs and organisms function properly,” said Dr. Ed Coyle, a professor in the Department of Kinesiology and Health Education. “Our department has a very strong research group in this area, with 6 faculty members and Forty graduate students conducting studies on a very wide array of related topics. Our program is a recognized model for the power of integrative biology.” |
“Nearly every scientist who was at the conference is looking at the cellular mechanics of what takes place during exercise, the cellular changes that occur in skeletal muscle when someone takes up endurance training, resistance training or is inactive,” said Farrar. “If we can find out and understand exactly what happens when we exercise, we can, for example, substitute those changes with a pill or drug that could maybe achieve or enhance these health benefits. This is especially important in members of an aging population that may have problems moving around.”
Dr. Hiro Tanaka, a kinesiology faculty member and presenter, also has done research related to resistance training and the effects of aging on physical performance. Tanaka conducted studies of young, middle-aged and elderly adults to determine the impact of resistance training on blood flow to the legs.
“Any physical task involves physical expenditure of energy,” said Tanaka. “During exercise, the energy-burning is supported by blood that gets to the tissues. As a person gets older, the amount of blood being delivered to the legs decreases and impairs physical performance, but I discovered that regular weight training causes this decrease in blood flow to the legs not to occur. There were clear health benefits to the resistance training.”
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