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Skydiving Parachuting
People have been using parachutes for 100's of years and historical records show the Chinese using them in the 1100s. Around 1495, Leonardo DaVinci designed a wooden framed, pyramid-shaped parachute that Adrian Nichols jumped in the late Twentieth century.
It descended slowly enough to land, but Nichols was very worried the heavy apparatus might fall on him when he landed. So at a safe altitude, he released from it and landed using his reserve parachute. Skydivers consider French inventor André-Jacques Garnerin to be the 1st parachutist. He 1st jumped using a parachute in 1797 from a balloon over Paris. The 1st parachute designs for use in aircraft were only developed after the Wright Brothers made the 1st aircraft flight in 1903. As air travel became more common, the use of parachutes also increased. Parachutes were 1st used for military purposes in World War One. Balloon-borne observers also used them to escape. After World War One, aerial stuntmen called barnstormers helped promote skydiving. They traveled across the USA giving airborne performances and parachute jumps. In 1930 the 1st accuracy landing competition was held in the USSR. During World War Two military forces used parachute-equipped soldiers called paratroopers. The most famous use of paratroopers took place on D-day. Allied paratroops landed behind enemy lines before the sun came up and secured areas to make it easier for other soldiers to come ashore from landing craft. |
After World War Two there was a surplus of nylon parachute equipment in many countries which were used by enthusiasts for sport and in 1951 Yugoslavia hosted the 1st parachuting world championships.
Specially developed sport parachute systems began replacing military surplus systems in the mid-1960s as parachutists began calling the sport skydiving and calling themselves skydivers. Sport modifications to military parachutes improved their opening characteristics and made them much easier to handle. In 1964 Domina Jalbert, a French Canadian kite builder, made the ram-air design that quickly became the standard parachute for skydiving.
During the 1970s and 1980s sport skydivers tested improved materials and designs. Special specific skydiving designs were also invented and a variety of applications for 2 person and 4 person tandem jumping equipment were designed.
Today skydiving continues to grow in popularity around the world. Lightweight, reliable and easy-to-operate equipment made the sport accessible to a lot more people.
Nobody would argue that skydiving is a safe thing to do. And statistics can be manipulated to make skydiving look very safe or very dangerous. Generally, safety in skydiving is up to the individual. Rarely do skydiving accidents result from equipment failure or bad luck. Skydivers use good preparation and judgment to manage the obvious and inherent risks.The United States Parachute Association and its 34,000 member skydivers enjoy and promote safe skydiving through parachuting training, rating, and competition programs. USPA represents parachute jumping from aircraft and helps keep skydivers in the air.
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